U.S. Response:
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Cyprus General Information

General information on U.S. Protection of Cypus Ethnological & Archaeological Materials

I. U.S. Actions
II. Categories of Artifacts Subject to Import Restriction

III. Import Regulations
IV. For More Information

I. U.S. Actions

    On April 12, 1999, the U.S. imposed an emergency import restriction on Byzantine ecclesiastical and ritual ethnological material from Cyprus unless such material is accompanied by an export permit issued by the Government of the Republic of Cyprus. On August 29, 2003, the U.S. extended this emergency import restriction through September 4, 2006.

    On July 16, 2002, the U.S. and Cyprus signed a Memorandum of Understanding to protect certain categories of Pre-Classical and Classical archaeological material from Cyprus. As of July 19, 2002, these materials may not enter the U.S. unless such material is accompanied by an export permit issued by the Government of the Republic of Cyprus.

    On August 31, 2006, the U.S. and Cyprus agreed to amend the 2002 MOU to include the import restrictions on both categories of materials. The revised agreement retains its original timetable.

II. Categories of Artifacts Subject to Import Restriction

Pre-Classic and Classical Materials: A description of these artifacts was published by U.S. Customs on July 19, 2002, in the Federal Register. The categories subject to import restriction include objects of ceramic, stone, and metal, including vessels, sculpture, mosaics, inscriptions, architectural elements, and jewelry. They range in date from approximately the 8th millennium B.C. to 330 A.D.

Byzantine Ritual and Ecclesiastical Ethnological Materials: A description of these artifacts was published by U.S. Customs on 12 April 1999, in the Federal Register. The categories subject to import restriction include bronze, silver, and gold ceremonial vessels and objects used in church rituals, such as censers and liturgical crosses; icons and carved wooden doors, ivory and bone objects engraved with biblical scenes, ecclesiastical vestments, wall paintings, and mosaics pavements.

III. Import Regulations

Objects listed in the Federal Register notices (see links, at right) may enter the U.S. if they have an export permit issued by the Government of Cyprus or verifiable documentation that they left Cyprus prior to the effective date of the restrictions: July 19, 2002 for archaeological materials, and April 12, 1999, for Byzantine ethnological materials.

IV. For More Information 

United States
Cultural Heritage Center, US Dept of State

Director
Department of Antiquities
Ministry of Communications and Works
P.O. Box 22024
1516 Nicosia
CYPRUS
Tel.: (357) 22-865801
Fax : (357) 22-303148


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Revised: 8 September 2006
  SELECT FROM THE FOLLOWING: 

Cyprus General Information Page

Cyprus Information Page on Byzantine Ritual and Ecclesiastical Ethnological Material

Cyprus Information Page on Pre-Classical and Classical Archaeological Material

Cyprus Image Collections: Ethnological & Archaeological Materials

2002 Agreement

2002 Federal Register Notice (Designated List: Archaeology)

2006 Amendment to Agreement

1999 Federal Register Notice (Designated List: Ethnology)  

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