Intensive Summer Language Institutes
This program awards scholarships to American university-level students (undergraduate and graduate) to participate in intensive overseas summer language study institutes. In FY 2006, 167 scholarships were awarded for beginning, intermediate and advanced study in Arabic, Indic and Turkic languages. In FY 2007, 363 scholarships were awarded and institutes in Chinese, Korean, Russian and Persian were added. In FY 2008, the program plans to award more than 500 scholarships. Open to American undergraduate and graduate students.

Gilman Scholarships for Study Abroad
This program provides scholarships to American undergraduates to pursue overseas study in semester or one-year programs for college credit. It supports more than 200 students each year to study in countries with critical-need languages and is open to American undergraduates who are Pell Grant recipients (with financial need).  Students can apply to receive the Gilman Scholarship Critical Need Language Supplement award, given to selected students to support additional language study in countries where these languages are spoken.

Fulbright U.S. Student Program Enhancement
This program provides up to six months of intensive critical-need language training before the regular Fulbright grant period begins. In FY 2006, approximately 40 awards were made for study in Arabic, and the Indic and Turkic languages. In FY 2007, the program increased to approximately 145 awards and expanded to include Chinese, Korean, Russian and Persian languages, with the same level planned for FY 2008.  Open to Americans applying for the Fulbright student program in selected countries where critical-need languages are spoken.